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雨水的pH的测定  发帖心情 Post By:2008/8/5 14:40:58

 

情景创设:

酸雨,人称“空中死神”,是目前人类遇到的全球性区域灾难之一。目前,全球有三大块酸雨地区:西欧,北美和东南亚。我国长江以南也存在连片的酸雨区域。在酸雨区域内,湖泊酸化,渔业减产,森林衰退,土壤贫脊,粮菜减产,建筑物腐蚀,文物面目皆非。酸雨是在降水对大气中的气态物质的溶解清除过程中形成的.它与普通的雨水又有什么区别呢?

 

实验目的:

测定不同地点、不同时间的雨水的pH,通过解决生活中的一些问题,让学生能够掌握和利用化学酸碱性的常用知识,旨在培养学生多动脑、动手,关注身边化学,注重环境保护的合作探究精神

 

实验仪器

pH传感器;雨水收集器、试管

 

实验药品

不同的雨水样品;蒸馏水样品;自来水样品。

 

安全提示

遵守实验室安全守则。

地面有水溅落,立刻擦干,避免滑倒。

若有玻璃仪器损坏,立刻报告老师。

 

探究建议:

采集不同的雨水样品:

1)同一时间不同地点的水样

2)不同时间同一地点的水样

3)同一时间同一地点的水样

比较雨水、蒸馏水、自来水的pH和外观


实验设计:

1.PC、采集器及传感器的连接:

接上电源接口,另一端插入采集器电源,用数据线使采集器电源和数据采集器相连,数据采集器接上USB数据线并连接到电脑的USB2.0接口上,然后在数据采集器上用数据线连上pH传感器。

在电脑上双击图标,进入实验操作界面。

2.采集不同的水样

3.将pH传感器插入雨水样品中,观察PC的读数,待读数稳定,即可以得到该雨水的酸碱性指标。

4.记录各雨水的pH示数,对数值进行简单的分析

 

分析与结论 (实验者完成)

雨水和蒸馏水、自来水有什么不同?

酸雨和普通雨水有什么区别?

酸雨可以对哪些物质产生影响?用什么方法衡量?

 

实验原理(实验者完成)

什么是酸雨?

 

拓展研究

1.连续测一段时间(如一周),将得到的pH列表或作图,确定你所在地区雨水的平均酸度。

2.若是酸雨,请分析本地区酸雨产生的原因,并提出减轻酸雨危害的建议。

3.探究酸雨对不同建筑材料的腐蚀性,从时间和程度上判断哪种建筑材料最容易被腐蚀。

4.如果酸雨落入池塘,会有哪些影响?



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